Heart Disease

"Heart disease is responsible in the world, one third of all deaths and become a public health problem of first magnitude. Can be prevented by avoiding or keeping under control the main risk factors: obesity , smoking, high cholesterol, diabetes, stress and hypertension. Caring diet (low in fat and salt), doing physical exercise and avoiding stress, is already in a good way to prevent heart problems ".

According to Raul D. Santos, Vice Chairman of the Department of Atherosclerosis of Brazilian Society of Cardiology, diseases of the circulatory system are the leading cause of death for all ages in our country, especially stroke and coronary disease.

In the world, according to I. Martin, a physician responsible for the area of ​​cardiovascular diseases at the World Health Organization (WHO), are 15 million deaths per year, accounting for 30% of global deaths. "Individually, stroke in 1997 caused about 25% of deaths of vascular causes. However, if we add myocardial infarction with ischemic heart disease, manifestations of the same disease, we see that coronary atherosclerosis was responsible for 33% of deaths ".

According to Dr. Raul, the main risk factor for stroke is high blood pressure. "In relation to coronary heart disease, a number of predisposing factors are considered. Among them we can mention cholesterol, hypertension, smoking, diabetes mellitus, low HDL-cholesterol, menopause, men over 45 years, family history for premature atherosclerosis (under 55 years and 65 years respectively for direct relatives of male and female) and obesity. "

According to Martin, two thirds of the deaths from cardiovascular disease occur in developing countries. These countries, including Brazil, have a number of deaths from cardiovascular disease two times higher than developed countries. In Brazil, these diseases are found even as the leading cause of death: 27% of the deaths took place in 1994 of heart problems.

Martin's intention to expose this information in the article End myths about them heart them. (World Salud, 1998, quoted by Ruy Laurenti and Cassia Maria Buchalla, conference published in the Brazilian Archives of Cardiology, Volume 76, No. 2, pgs. 99-104 in 2001) prove that there is just a myth the claim that Cardiovascular diseases are the prerogatives of areas considered most developed and rich. In fact, lack of information and access to health care not only corroborate the heart problems as statistics mask, giving this false impression that the richest countries, which account better the cause of their deaths, are more prone to problems heart.

According to L. Husten (Global epidemic of cardio-vascular diseases predicted. Lancet 1998, 352:1530-42), also quoted by Ruy and Cassia in his article in the coming decades the least developed countries will suffer an epidemic of cardiovascular disease, the result of an increase risk factors arising from better economic conditions and increased life expectancy. Although this may seem a contradiction, at first, improving economic conditions lead to tasty high-fat diets and sedentary lifestyle comfortably.

The next moment, access to information reshapes the way of life, leads to the consumption of healthier foods and sports. Confirming this conclusion, data presented in Rio de Janeiro in 1998, the 13th World Congress of Cardiology, by A. Achutti (Cardiovascular diseases epidemiology in Brazil), show that lower education, greater exposure to risk factors.

Costa e Silva, in her dissertation at FIOCRUZ (National School of Public Health), defended in 1999, says this trend exactly "evil" of increased risk of illness and mortality from potentially preventable diseases in the population of low education and, possibly, low income and, therefore, "with less access to benefits of prevention and treatment of these diseases."

Martin also knocks down the myth that cardiovascular diseases are basically diseases of man, although ischemic heart disease is less common in women before menopause. In fact, in many parts of the world, heart disease is the most frequent cause of death for women, even before 65 years of age.

Another myth is questioned by Martin that heart disease is only problems of the elderly. Of course, the researcher explains that its incidence increases with advancing age, but a number of industrialized countries accounts for one third of 'heart attacks' on people under 65 years of age. In less developed countries, this situation is even more pronounced, probably due to poor quality of medical care, comment Reddy KS and Yusuf S., in the article "Emerging epidemic of cardiovascular disease in developing countries" that circulated in 1998. Laurenti Buchalla and add that this finding may be due to the difficulty of access of a portion of the population of developing countries to any kind of assistance, be it good or bad.

According to 1994 data, the CENEPI / National Health Foundation, on mortality in Brazil, 11.6% of deaths from cardiovascular disease occur from 30 to 49 years and 35.7% from 50 to 69 years. In all Brazilian regions, deaths from ischemic heart disease between 30 and 49 represent values ​​higher than 11% of all deaths, except in the South (9.9%), considered more developed.

The information collected by these researchers and analyzed by Laurenti Buchalla and suggest that it is possible to reduce cardiovascular disease and that prevention efforts are currently being developed are more likely to delay the onset of ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular diseases.

According to D. Chor, in PhD thesis defended at the Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo in 1996, quoted by Buchalla and Laurenti, "The reduction of the incidence rates would have a better chance of being achieved if a new generation to develop habits and environment healthier, since the beginning of life to adulthood.

Still, the controls of the causes of atherosclerosis and arterial pressure elevation bring benefits in terms of longevity and improved quality of life, is therefore warranted, particularly for countries like Brazil, where as we have seen, mortality from diseases cardiovascular grid reaches a contingent of young adults. "

Pablo Picasso

Pablo Picasso (Malaga, October 25, 1881 - Mougins, April 8, 1973) was a painter, sculptor and designer Spanish, having also developed the poetry.
It was recognized as one of the masters of twentieth century art. It is considered one of the most famous and versatile artists around the world, having created thousands of jobs, not only paintings but also sculptures and ceramics, using short, all kinds of materials.He is also known as the co-founder of Cubism with Georges Braque.
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Sculpture in Daley Plaza (Chicago, USA).
Born in the city of Malaga in Andalusia region of Spain, and received the full name Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santisima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso, son of Maria Picasso Lopez and Jose Ruiz y Blasco .
Around birth there were several legends, some of which Picasso strived to promote. According to one, Picasso was born dead and the midwife has devoted his attention to the mother bedridden.Only the doctor, Don Salvador, saved from death by asphyxiation blowing you smoke a cigar in his face. The smoke made Picasso began to cry. His birth on 25 October 1881, at eleven and a quarter of the night, would be well described by Picasso to his biographers, who so willingly publishing.
Roland Penrose, one of the most famous biographer of Picasso, sought their origins in the grounds of his genius and his openness to art, natural understanding of a genius. In his parents' generation are numerous traces. His father was a painter and designer of very mediocre talent. Don José was devoted to painting the birds that perched in the sycamore Plaza de la Merced, near his home.Occasionally, the child asked him to stop tables. The paternal lineage allowed to study until the year 1841. Offspring of mothers surveyed, Dona Maria had ancestors among the two painters.Picasso's features are also similar to the mother.
The first ten years of life are passed on by Pablo Malaga [1]. The father's small salary as a museum curator and professor of drawing at the Escuela de San Telmo cost main breadwinner of the family. When he was offered a place with better pay in Eusebius Institute of Guarda, in the north, the hesitation was stronger than the need, and with his family, Don José leaves for La Coruna, the provincial capital on the edge of the Atlantic Ocean [1].
The drawings represented Picasso's childhood scenes of bullfights. His first work, preserved, was an oil on wood, painted to eight years, called The Matador. Picasso retained the job for his entire life, taking it with you whenever you changed the house.Years later another painted a similar picture, the woman's death highlighted and futile. Picasso is angry and rebellious. This picture is clearly an invective of his relationship with his wife.
The main concern of his father with little Pablo was his performance at school, but nonetheless dismissed the opportunity to foster the talent of the child. Early draw was the most appropriate way of expressing himself and Picasso, so maybe, secondary [1].
Refusal clearly lecturing, and takes care himself of his artistic training [1]. With thirteen years, following the model of his father, Picasso had already reached the expertise of the parent (who was not of great refinement.) Unlike some lists that point, Picasso was right handed, as can be seen in the celebrated documentary The Mystery of Picasso.
The family moved again, this time to Barcelona in the spring of 1895, and proof of admission to art school La Lonja is done successfully. The papers should submit at the end of the month, Pablo had them within a few days, after which his work stood out, even the finalists. [1] With fourteen years, Picasso was able to overcome the demands of a highly Academy of Art. Academic work, which according to himself, after several years of the scare.The work that was put him in the series of renowned painters from Barcelona, ​​and as Santiago Isidro Nonell Rusiñol, and frame the First Communion is exposed in the famous exhibition season in the city. [1] Despite opting for a religious theme, this does not cease to be a private event, the family plan. Although realistic and meet the academic requirements, on the other hand the work turns out to be an attempt to combat conventionalism.
After a stay in Malaga in 1897 settled in Madrid.
[Edit] Between Madrid and Barcelona
In Madrid, installed a new studio, inscribed in the most prosperous and prestigious arts academy in Spain, the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando. Constantly, visit the Prado Museum, where he copied the great masters, captured them the style and tried to imitate him, which proved, on the one hand, a breakthrough because it developed the capacity transient, and on the other hand, a stagnation a creative genius limited to copying the work of history, whose works also came to be the target of a revisitation and reinterpretation of Picasso at later stages.
However, your stay in Madrid is interrupted. In early July of that year Picasso falls ill with scarlet fever and recovery forced him to return to Barcelona, ​​picking up next, with Manuel Pallares, his friend, to Horta de Ebro village in the Pyrenees. The gathering helped him restore ambitious new projects carried out so that he returned to Barcelona. Turned away from the academy and the paternal home, and tried to open up to the innovations of Spanish art, keeping in touch with their more famous. The cultivated area of ​​the Spanish vanguard was coffee Els Quatre Gats [1]. There she met the modernists and feuded with the art of these, influenced by Art Nouveau and the French avant britâncias.
In 1900, the premises of that establishment, open to the public their first exposure. However, the desire to meet Paris increased even more.
[Edit] Between Madrid and Barcelona
In Madrid, installed a new studio, inscribed in the most prosperous and prestigious arts academy in Spain, the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando. Constantly, visit the Prado Museum, where he copied the great masters, captured them the style and tried to imitate him, which proved, on the one hand, a breakthrough because it developed the capacity transient, and on the other hand, a stagnation a creative genius limited to copying the work of history, whose works also came to be the target of a revisitation and reinterpretation of Picasso at later stages.
However, your stay in Madrid is interrupted. In early July of that year Picasso falls ill with scarlet fever and recovery forced him to return to Barcelona, ​​picking up next, with Manuel Pallares, his friend, to Horta de Ebro village in the Pyrenees. The gathering helped him restore ambitious new projects carried out so that he returned to Barcelona. Turned away from the academy and the paternal home, and tried to open up to the innovations of Spanish art, keeping in touch with their more famous. The cultivated area of ​​the Spanish vanguard was the Els Quatre Gats café. There she met the modernists and feuded with the art of these, influenced by Art Nouveau and the French avant britâncias.
In 1900, the premises of that establishment, open to the public their first exposure. However, the desire to meet Paris increased even more.
[Edit] Picasso in Paris
After starting as an art student in Madrid, Picasso made his first trip to Paris (1900), the art capital of Europe. There he lived with Max Jacob (journalist and poet), who helped him learn French. Max slept at night and Picasso during the day, he worked at night. It was a period of severe poverty, cold and despair. Many of his drawings had to be used as combustible material for heating the room.


Picasso, Halmstad.
Soler in 1901 with a friend, founded a magazine Arte Joven in Madrid. The first edition was entirely illustrated by him. It was from that day, Picasso began to sign his work simply "Picasso," before he signed Pablo Ruiz y Picasso.
In blue phase (1901-1905), Picasso painted the loneliness, death and abandonment. When you fell in love with Fernande Olivier, his paintings changed from blue to pink, inaugurating the pink phase (1905-1906). He worked through the night until dawn. In Paris, Picasso met a select group of friends, famous in the districts of Montmartre and Montparnasse: André Breton, Guillaume Apollinaire, and writer Gertrude Stein.
At this stage there are plenty of rose pink and red, characterized by the presence of acrobats, dancers, harlequins, circus performers, the circus world. In the summer of 1906 during a stay in Andorra, his work entered a new phase marked by the influence of Greek, Iberian and African, was the proto, the antecedent of Cubism. The famous portrait of Gertrude Stein (1905-1906) reveals a treatment of the face-shaped mask.
In 1912, Picasso made his first collage, pasted on canvas pieces for newspapers, paper, textiles, cigarette packages.
Fell in love with Olga Koklova, a ballerina. They married in July 12, 1918. During this period the artist has become known, was an artist in society. When Olga was pregnant, has created a series of paintings of mothers with children.
Between the beginning and end of the 2nd World War (1939-1945), is also dedicated to the sculpture, engraving and pottery.As a writer, mastered the various techniques: etching, aquatint, dry-point, lithography and engraving on linoleum color. In addition, his dedication to the art of sculpture was sporadic. Head of Buffalo, Morph is a great example of his work with this medium. It is considered one of the pioneers in making sculptures from the junction of different materials.
In 1943, Picasso meets the painter Francoise Gilot and has two children, Claude and Paloma, and found a little peace and painted Joy of Living.
In 1968, aged 87, produced seven months in a series of 347 engravings by recovering the themes of youth: the circus, the bullfight, the theater, erotic situations. Years later, an operation of the prostate and bladder, as well as poor vision, puts an end to their activities. As a special honor to him, in his 90 th birthday is celebrated with great gallery exhibition at the Louvre. Thus becomes the first living artist to exhibit their work at the famous French museum. Pablo Picasso died on April 8, 1973 in Mougins, France at 91 years of age.

Van Gogh

Introduction

Van Gogh is considered one of the leading representatives of the painting world. Born in the Netherlands on March 30, 1853. He had a sister and a brother named Theo. With this brother, established a strong friendship. Through the letters he exchanged with his brother, the researchers were able to rescue many aspects of life and work of the painter.

Biography

He began acting professionally at a young age, around 15 years old. He worked for an art dealer in The Hague. With nearly twenty years, moved to London and then in Paris, thanks to the recognition he had. However, interest in religious matters just diverting his attention and decided to study theology in the city of Amsterdam. Even without completing the course, he worked as pastor in Belgium for six months. Impressed by the life and work of the poor mining town, has produced several drawings in pencil.

He decided to return to The Hague in 1880 and devoted more time to painting. After receiving a significant influence of the School of The Hague, began to develop a series of studies, using techniques of lighting effects. During this period, his paintings depicted the daily life of peasants and workers in rural Holland.

The year 1886 is of extreme importance in his career. She went to Paris with his brother. Met in the new city, important painters of the era such as Emile Bernard, Toulouse-Lautrec, Paul Gauguin, Edgar Degas, representatives of impressionism. Received a great influence of these masters of impressionism, as noted in several of his paintings

Two years after arriving in France, partly to the town of Arles in the south of the country. A region rich in rural landscapes, with a bucolic scene. In this context, several works painted with sunflowers. In Arles, he managed to sell only framework that throughout his life: The Vineyard Incarnate.

He invited Gauguin to live with him in southern France. This was the only one who accepted his idea of ​​founding an art center in the region. At first, the relationship between the two was quiet, but with time, the misunderstandings have been increasing and, when Gauguin returned to Paris, Vincent went into depression. On several occasions he had attacks of violence and his behavior became very aggressive. This is when we arrived to cut her ear.

Her psychological state has come to reflect in their works. He left the technique of dithering and began to paint fast and with small strokes. In 1889, his illness became more serious and had to be hospitalized in a psychiatric clinic. In this clinic, in a monastery, had a beautiful garden that became his inspiration. The strokes were left aside and the spiral curves began to appear on their screens

In May, he left the clinic and returned to live in Paris, near his brother and of Doctor Paul Gachet, who would treat you. This doctor was portrayed in his works: Portrait of Dr. Gachet. But the depressing situation did not subside. On July 27, 1890, shot her own breast. He was taken to a hospital but succumbed, dying three days later.

Curiosities of the life of Van Gogh:

- During his lifetime, Vincent Van Gogh could not sell any of your masterpieces.

- At the end of 1888, Van Gogh cut off his right ear. Some biographers say the artist's life that the act was a kind of revenge against her lover Virginie, Van Gogh after he discovered she was in love with the artist Paul Gauguin. According to this version, Van Gogh would have sent the bloody ear, in an envelope, to the lover.

Major works of Van Gogh:

Olives

The Old Mill

The yellow house

Bill Gates

William Henry Gates III KBE, GCIH, better known as Bill Gates, is amogul, philanthropist and American author, best known for along with Paul Allen founded Microsoft, the largest and best knownsoftware company in the world in terms of market value.
Gates currently holds the position of non-executive chairman ofMicrosoft, and is regularly ranked as the richest person in theworld, a position he occupied from 1995 to 2007, and 2009. It isone of the pioneers in the personal computer revolution.

Some famous phrases from Bill Gates

"Success is a wicked teacher. It seduces smart people and makes them think they will never fall."

I believe if you show people the problems and then solutions thatwill motivate them to act. "

The only major companies will be able to succeed are those whoconsider their products obsolete before others do.

Do what you gotta do and let others discuss whether it is right ornot.


I do not know the key to success, but the key to failure is trying to please everybody.

The Social Network

The Social Network is an American film of 2010 on the foundation of the social network Facebook and its aftermath. The film was directed by David Fincher, with a cast composed by Jesse Eisenberg, Andrew Garfield, Justin Timberlake, Armie Hammer, Max Minghella, Josh Pence, Brenda Song, Joseph Mazzello, Rashida Jones and Rooney Mara.
Aaron Sorkin's script adapts the non-fiction book The Accidental Billionaires, written by Ben Mezrich. No official Facebook, or its founder Mark Zuckerberg, became involved in film production, while Eduardo Saverin has been a consultant to Mezrich's book. [2] It was distributed by Columbia Pictures and debuted on October 1, 2010 in the United States November 4, 2010 in Portugal and 3 December the same year in Brazil.
The Social Network was generally acclaimed by critics worldwide, with critics applauding its editing, acting, soundtrack, script and direction. The film appeared on 78 lists of best films of the year, 22 as number one. Received eight Oscar nominations, including Best Picture (Dana Brunetti, Cean Chaffin, Michael De Luca and Scott Rudin), Best Director (David Fincher) and Best Actor (Jesse Eisenberg), winning in the categories of Best Adapted Screenplay (Aaron Sorkin) Best Editing (Kirk Baxter and Angus Wall) and Best Original Score (Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross). Also won four Golden Globes for Best Motion Picture - Drama, Best Director (David Fincher), Best Screenplay (Aaron Sorkin) and Best Score (Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross).

2012

2012 (MMXII) is a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
There are a huge variety of popular beliefs about the year 2012, which are generally regarded as unscientific.
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The city of Guimaraes in Portugal bear the title of European Capital of Culture together with the Slovenian city of Maribor.

January
January 1 - Poland, Bulgaria and Latvia will adopt the Euro. Be prohibited by law, the events as "bullfight" in the region of
Catalonia, Spain.

January 15 - Presidential elections in Finland
13-22 January - Completion of the first edition of the Youth Olympic Games Winter in Innsbruck, Austria
January 31 - 433 Eros, the second largest recorded near-Earth object (size 13 × 13 × 33 km) will pass to 0.1790 AU (26,778,042 km). NASA studied Eros with the NEAR Shoemaker probe launched on February 17, 1996 [1].
February

February 6 - Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II to mark the 60th anniversary of his ascension to the throne of Britain, Canada, Australia and New Zealand (as well as the 60th anniversary of his becoming head of the Commonwealth).
April

April 26 - Closing of analogue television in Portugal

April 15 - Centenary of the sinking RMS Titanic
May

May 20
Presidential elections in France
Annular solar eclipse
June

June 9 - Realization of the 14th European Football Championship in Poland and Ukraine
July

July 2 - Presidential elections in Mexico.

July 27 - Opening Ceremony of the Summer Olympics of 2012 in London, UK.
August

August 12 - Closing Ceremony of the Summer Olympics of 2012 in London, UK.

August 29 - Opening Ceremony of the Olympic Games To-Summer 2012 in London, UK.
September

September 9 - Closing Ceremony of the Olympic Games To-Summer 2012 in London, UK.
October

October 7 - Municipal elections (mayors and aldermen) in Brazil.
November

6 November - Presidential elections in the United States of America.

November 13 - Total solar eclipse (visible in northern Australia and the South Pacific).
December

Dec. 21 - End of the Mayan Long Count Calendar, with the 5,125-year cycle, which some interpret as the end of the world.

December 23 - alternative date for the end of the Mayan calendar using 584,285 days Julian based on experts' opinions.

December 31 - the deadline expires the Kyoto Protocol.